- India is the second largest market in the world for newspapers
- India, along with China and Japan, accounts for 62 of the world’s best selling daily newspapers
- There are more than 65000 newspapers and periodicals with over 7000 dailies, of which around 400 are in English
- In addition to English and 22 principal languages enunciated in the Constitution, newspapers in India are published in 81 other languages as well. These include regional dialects of Indian languages and a few foreign languages
- Print media in India is regulated by the Registrar of Newspapers for India
Readership and circulation
- The largest number of newspapers are published in Hindi
- The largest circulated daily newspaper in India is the Times of India (English)
- The largest circulated Hindi daily is the Dainik Bhaskar from Bhopal. It is also the largest circulated multi-edition daily newspaper in any language in India
- The largest circulated other language daily is the Malayala Manorama from Kottayam
- The largest circulated periodical is the fortnightly Saras Salil (Hindi, Delhi)
- The largest number of newspapers are published in Uttar Pradesh
- The Anandabazar Patrika (Bengali, Calcutta) is the largest single-edition regional language newspaper
- The only daily newspaper in Kashmiri is the Koshur Akhbar. It is an online newspaper
History of print media in India
- The first newspaper in India was the Bengal Gazette, established by James Augustus Hicky in Calcutta in 1780. Also known as the Calcutta General Advertise, the Bengal Gazette was a weekly newspaper. James Hicky is considered to the Father of the Indian Press
- The first newspaper in an Indian language was the Samachar Darpan (Bengali, 1818). It was first published from the Serampore Mission Press
- The oldest extant newspaper in India is the Bombay Samachar (Gujarati, 1822).
Published from Bombay, it is also the oldest existing newspaper in Asia - The first newspaper in Hindi was the Samachar Sudha Varshan (Calcutta, 1854). It was unique in the sense that it was a two-page newspaper, with one page in Hindi and the other in Bengali
NEWS AGENCIES IN INDIA
- Press Trust of India (PTI)
- The Press Trust of India (PTI) is the largest news agency in India
- It is a non-profit cooperative among more than 450 Indian newspapers
- It is headquartered in New Delhi
- The PTI was incorporated in Madras in Aug 1947. It took over the Indian operations of Reuters and the Associated Press
- The PTI is the only news agency in the Indian subcontinent that operates its own communications satellite (an INSAT)
- The PTI has full-fledged news bureaux in London and New York, and has news exchange agreements with over 100 news agencies including Associated Press, Agence France-Presse, The New York Times, Bloomberg etc
- The PTI launched its Hindi language service PTIBHASHA in 1986
- The Press Trust of India (PTI) is the largest news agency in India
- United News of India (UNI)
- The United News of India (UNI) is the second largest news agency in India
- It was established in 1959 in New Delhi
- The UNI is the first news agency to place a stringer (freelance journalist) in Andaman & Nicobar Islands
- The UNI was the first Indian news agency to serve subscribers abroad in 1981, selling its wire service to newspapers in the Persian Gulf and Singapore
- The UNI launched its Hindi language service UNIVARTA in 1982, and its Urdu service in 1992
- The UNI has collaboration agreements with foreign news services like Reuters and DPA
- Asian News International (ANI)
- It is based in New Delhi
- Provides multimedia news to over 50 news outlets in India and abroad
- Provides news services across multiple platforms including newspapers, TV, internet and cell phone
- Indo-Asian News Service (IANS)
- The Indo-Asian News Service (IANS) is India’s largest private news agency
- The IANS was established in 1986 in New Delhi
- It is the primary news agency that covers the Indian diaspora residing abroad
- The Indo-Asian News Service (IANS) is India’s largest private news agency
GOVERNMENTAL BODIES RELATED TO NEWS MEDIA
Press Council of India- The Press Council of India is a statutory body that governs the conduct of the print and broadcast media in India
- It is one of the most important bodies that sustain democracy, acting as the watchdog of the press
- The Press Council of India was established by Parliament in 1966. It presently functions under the Press Council Act 1978
- The Press Council of India is protected by the Constitution and its actions may not be questioned
- The Council adjudicates complaints by and against the press on violations of ethics and violations of the Freedom of Speech
- The Council is headed by a Chairman, who is usually a retired judge of the Supreme Court. The Council contains 28 other members, of whom 20 are nominated by the press, 5 are nominated by Parliament and 3 are nominees of the Sahitya Academy, UGC and the Bar Council of India
- The members of the Council serve for a period of 3 years
Press Information Bureau (PIB)
- The Press Information Bureau (PIB) is the nodal agency of the Union Government for the dissemination of information regarding its policies, programmes and activities
- The Bureau is headquartered in New Delhi
- It functions under the Ministry of Information & Broadcasting
- The PIB arranges photo coverage of government activities and distributes press materials to other news organizations
- The PIB is the implementing agency for exchange of delegations of journalists between India and other countries
Registrar of Newspapers for India (RNI)
- The Registrar of Newspapers for India (RNI) regulates the registration of newspapers and other print media in India
- It was established in 1956 and is headquartered in New Delhi
- It functions under the Ministry of Information & Broadcasting
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